Exterior shutters were originally constructed for light control, privacy, and protection from the elements. Function shutters hinge to either side of a window, and swing closed when necessary. Fixed louvers shed rain, allow air transfer, filter direct sunlight, protect from small flying debris, and provide privacy. Multi-functional shutters use movable louvers that allows for greater control. Solid panels are generally used for protection during severe weather. Most other styles, such as board-and-batten, are used in non-functional situations and are specifically to enhance the features of a building.Functional shutters have traditionally been constructed from solid woods that have proven to endure outside elements (e.g. cedar). Finishing wood shutters is recommended for extended life. Composite shutters made from PVC are setting new standards for functional shutters that are completely rot resistant and offer many advantages over wood such as resistance to twisting, splitting, and rotting.
However, PVC shutters are often hinged with three or more hinges and painted with vinyl safe paint to keep from bowing in the sun and can require additional hardware. Non-functional exterior shutters can be constructed from vinyl or other synthetic materials. Non-functional shutters simply screw or bolt directly to the building and most often cannot be hinged without warping.
An exterior hurricane shutter or storm shutter is used to protect windows and doors in a building against the effects of high winds, rain, and flying objects during a hurricane, or as security gates over the opening. They can be made of a variety of materials such as aluminium panels, iron, or wood and can be installed in tracks to be quickly opened and closed with motorized controls.